Morocco's free trade agreement with the European Community: A quantitative assessment

Morocco is interested in developing a reciprocal free trade agreement with the European Community (EC), although it already enjoys free access to EC markets in industrial products and is not obligated to give EC exporters reciprocal access. But Moroccan agricultural exports are impeded by .

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In a context characterized by a remarkable consolidation of Morocco's efforts to effectively integrate the globalization process, represented mainly by the signing of free trade agreements and the orientation towards intra-regional trade with the African continent, this work aims at analyzing the trade flows of Morocco and its two main trading partners; those of the African continent and those with which it has signed free trade agreements, over the period 2000-2018. For this purpose, we use an augmented gravity model to estimate trade between Morocco and these two groups of partner countries, and then simulate and calculate the trade potential between Morocco and these countries. The results we generated demonstrate the existence of a trade potential not yet exploited by Morocco in the two cases studied. The effective exploitation of the latter would allow the Kingdom to boost its trade.

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In this article the possible repercussions of the new bilateral trade agreement between Morocco and the European Union concerning the fruit and vegetable sector have been examined. Through appropriate mathematical indices, such as the "revealed comparative advantage" (RCA) approach pioneered by Balassa, the competitive position of Morocco over its trading partners in the EU and especially over the Mediterranean Member States has been evaluated. The aim is to discover fea- tures of trade of Morocco and the EU in the fruit and vegetable sector, and changes during the period 2000 - 2010. In particular, the effects of the new bilateral trade agreement on EU countries such as Italy, Spain and France, i.e., the traditional producers of these goods, have been examined. RCA of Morocco over the EU and RCA of the EU over Morocco have been calculated by conducting research using UN Comtrade sources. Moreover, through the "revealed trade advantage" (RTA) introduced by Vollra.

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This paper undertakes policy simulations using the GTAP model framework and database to anticipate consequences of the free trade agreement (FTA) between Morocco and the US. A GTAP standard closure with import tariffs updating (Altertax tool) is used along with Gragg solution method for the model implementation. The data aggregation based upon the 1997 GTAP database distinguishes twenty economic sectors and four regions (Morocco, USA, European Union and the Rest of the World). The introduction of the EU as a separate region in the model is justified by the importance of its economic partnership with Morocco. Both the FTA and complete multilateral liberalization are simulated in order to contrast the bilateral and multilateral results. The major conclusion is that Morocco gains much more from multilateral trade liberalization than from the FTA. Under multilateral liberalization, Moroccan GDP increases 4 percent, and welfare increases by $2.7 billion. Thus if both complete multilatera.

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Journal of Economic Integration

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Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

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Extensive trade liberalization – mainly through the dismantling of all tariffs on European manufactured products – will be the most direct and concrete effect of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership for Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPCs). This essay first undertakes an analytical review of the social impact of the creation of the Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Areas (EMFTAs), taking into account their effects on employment, income (wages and otherwise), prices of consumer goods, state social expenditure and other economic variables. There follows a brief case study of the magnitude of the EMFTAs’ social impact on Morocco. Finally, the study seeks to identify which national policies and which accompanying measures within the framework of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership could be used to ‘mitigate the negative social consequences which may result’ from the EMFTAs and hence strengthen their social and political sustainability.

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Although the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP) in spirit aims at fostering economic growth and stability at the southern periphery of the EU, the contents of the trade agreements reflect the more narrow economic interests of specific, southern EU member states (dell’Aquila & Kuiper, 2003). Key characteristics of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements (EMAAs) are an asymmetric focus on liberalising trade in the manufactured goods of the MPCs, while maintaining trade barriers on agricultural products. Several studies have quantified the expected impact of the proposed Mediterranean free trade area. A review of recent studies indicated that several characteristic features of the MPCs and the EMAAs are missing in existing analyses (Kuiper, 2004). This paper therefore focuses on identifying scenarios for further research that reflect key policy and research issues identified in an earlier study (dell’Aquila and Kuiper, 2003), while accounting for the gaps in existing analyses a.

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Morocco is engaged in a number of economic reforms to better position the country's integration into world markets. Her agricultural sector is particularly important as its trade, GDP, and employment share are relatively large. We analyze Morocco's agricultural trade growth trends over the past 40 years (1962 - 2004) using SITC 4-digit bilateral agricultural trade data. The data are analyzed using the trend and cycles decomposition (TCD) approach and measurement of trade growth at the intensive and extensive margin. We find a high concentration of agriculture trade in both commodities and trading partners. Morocco has also lost export shares in EU to other EU countries in her top exporting commodities. Another finding suggests that agricultural export growth for Morocco was at the intensive rather than extensive margin. This posts a great challenge for Morocco if she is to expand trade at the extensive margin.

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